Herbario from Nathali Luna
Sunday, March 18, 2012
The New York Botanical Garden: The Steere Herbarium
Barbara Thiers, Ph.D., Director of the The William and Lynda Steere Herbarium at the New York Botanical Garden, reveals the inner workings of this unique collection of over 7 million dried plant specimens.
Botany Libraries
Switzerland
USA
Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) [1]
USA
- Harvard University Botany Libraries | Cambridge, MA
- Harvard University Botany Libraries * Cambridge, MA [1] [2]
- Harvard Botany Libraries * Farlow Reference Library of Cryptogamic Botany [1] [2]
- Harvard Botany Libraries * Library of the Arnold Arboretum [1]
- Harvard Botany Libraries * Library of the Gray Herbarium [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
- Harvard Botany Libraries * The Economic Botany Library of Oakes Ames [1]
- Harvard Botany Libraries * The Orchid Library of Oakes Ames [1] [2] [3] [5] [6]
- The Council on Botanical and Horticultural Libraries, Inc. (CBHL)
Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) [1]
University of Arizona Herbarium
The University of Arizona Herbarium is as old as the University of Arizona itself.
When U of A first opened its doors in students in October of 1891, the herbarium was located in Old Main and consisted of 700 native plant specimens from southern and central Arizona. Since that time, the collections have grown to over 420,000 plant specimens and over 40,000 mycological specimens.
Not only is ARIZ the largest herbarium in AZ, but it contains one of the largest collections of plants from the biologically diverse Sonoran Desert region (Arizona, Sonora, and adjacent desert areas of California and Baja California). ARIZ also contains significant collections of plants from other regions of Mexico, and is home to numerous important historical collections, many dating to the 1800s.
Some important dates:
1890 - James W. Toumey starts ARIZ with a collection of 700 Arizona plants
1891 - Herbarium opens, original housed in Old Main
1901 - John J. Thornber replaces J.W. Toumey as Director of Herbarium
Early 1900s - Herbarium moves in Science Hall, later know as the Liberal Arts Annex
1936 - Herbarium moves in Forbes (Agricultural Building)
1937 - Lyman Benson joins herbarium as Thornber's assistant
1944 - Frank Gould becomes Director while Thornber enters semi-retirement
1944 - 30,000 personal specimens of Forrest Shreve are acquired by herbarium
1949 - Kittie Parker becomes Director
1951 - Frank Gould publishes Grasses of the Southwest
1952 - Robert Peebles collection is acquired from the USDA Cotton Station in Sacaton
1953 - Charles T. Mason becomes Director
1955 - 15,000 Leslie M. Goodding specimens are acquired from Soil Conservation Services
1962 - Herbarium moves into Shantz Building
1989 - H.S. Gentry Herbarium acquired
1992 - Lucinda McDade becomes Director; Phil Jenkins joins staff as Curatorial Specialist.
2001 - Steve McLaughlin becomes Director
2004 - Herbarium moves to current location in Herring Hall
2006 - Shelley McMahon becomes Director
Source: University of Arizona Herbarium
Rocky Mountain Herbarium
The RM Herbarium is an essential resource for education, research, and public service. RM also includes the National Herbarium of the U. S. Forest Service (USFS) and the Wilhelm G. Solheim Mycological Herbarium (RMS).
The RM Herbarium was founded in 1893 by Aven Nelson. It has since grown to over 800,000 specimens with approximately 25,000 new specimens added each year.
The Rocky Mountain Herbarium Library is an official non-circulating branch of the University of Wyoming Libraries. It contains an excellent collection of systematics literature for North America and major floristics and systematics treatments for the world.
Dr. Ronald L. Hartman is the curator and B. Ernie Nelson is the herbarium manager. Over 40 graduate students have completed Master's degrees in floristics at RM. Associates include Robert Dorn, author of the "Flora of Wyoming."
The RM Herbarium is located on the third floor of the Aven Nelson Memorial Building at the University of Wyoming. Researchers should make arrangements for access prior to visiting and should check herbarium policies.
Protocols for bringing material into the herbarium, examining specimens, requesting loans, and using the herbarium library.
Source: Rocky Mountain Herbarium
Kepong Herbarium
The herbarium of Forest Research Institute Malaysia (internationally known as KEP) began in early 1900s with the humble collection made by A.M. Burn-Murdoch. Up to the Second World War, the collection continued to grow through the activities of dedicated botanists and foresters e.g., G.E.S. Cubitt, F.W. Foxworthy, J.G. Watson and C.F. Symington. In a span of about 40 years, the KEP collection totalled about 43,000 specimens. These collection formed the basis of important publications on the timber trees of Malaya e.g., Burn-Murdoch’s “Trees and Timbers of the Malay Peninsula”, Foxworthy’s “The Commercial Woods of the Malay Peninsula” and “Dipterocarpaceae of the Malay Peninsula”, Watson’s “Mangrove Forests of the Malay Peninsula”, and Symington’s “Foresters’ Manual of Dipterocarps”.
After the Second World War, the herbarium came under the charge of J. Wyatt-Smith competently assisted by K.M. Kochummen. During this period, herbarium collection and research activity were focused on the tree families to be included in the production of a series of Manuals of Malayan Timber Trees, culminating in the publication of “Pocket Check List of Timber Trees” and “Manual of Malayan Silviculture for Inland Forest”. By 1965, the collection numbered 74,694 specimens.
T.C. Whitmore was engaged under Colombo Plan Aid between 1965 and 1972 to organise and produce a “Tree Flora of Malaya”. During this period, collection activities were greatly intensified to augment the existing collection for the project. This project took about 24 years to complete, resulting in the publication of four volumes of the Tree Flora of Malaya. The four volumes, containing accounts of 2,830 tree species in 99 families, have become the standard reference books for trees in Peninsular Malaysia.
Source: Kepong Herbarium
Oxford University Herbaria
Established in 1621, Oxford University Herbaria includes the oldest herbarium in the United Kingdom and is the fourth oldest herbarium in the world. Collectively, the herbaria hold approximately 1,000,000 botanical specimens (including at least 35,000 types) from across all taxonomic groups and geographic regions.
As well as being home to specimens, books, manuscripts and illustrations of historical importance, the herbaria host modern research programmes investigating plant systematics, together with theoretical and empirical work on systematic methods, phylogenetics and macroevolution. The herbaria are also at the forefront of developing and implementing methods to capture and document botanical data, as well as analysing patterns of global plant diversity.
Source: Oxford University Herbaria
Herbarium WU | Institute of Botany, University of Vienna
The foundation of this collection of dried plant specimens dates back to the year 1879 when the then Director of the Botanical Museum, Anton KERNER von MARILAUN (1831 - 1898), had begun to acquire herbarium material for the installation of an institute's new herbarium (WU). This had become necessary, as the entire collection had been transferred to the newly built Natural History Museum Vienna (W). To accelerate the installation, KERNER had created the well-known exsiccata series "Flora exsiccata Austro-Hungarica" (duplicates still available for exchange!) with very instructive labels which had been issued also in book form (Schedae ad floram exsiccatam Austro-Hungaricam). The new herbarium grew rapidly and in 1889 it contained already 80.000 specimens. Due to gifts and bequests (e.g., herbaria of A. KERNER: integrated in the main herbarium, K. KECK: still kept as separate entity) as well as by the activities of collecting expeditions it soon approached considerable size and importance. KERNER was followed as the institute's director by Richard von WETTSTEIN who also has left his herbarium to the institute. Today the herbarium of the Institute of Botany is estimated to contain about 1,400.000 specimens covering all plant groups worldwide. Further details can be found in the printed version of the Index Herbariorum ed. 8 (HOLMGREN & al., 1990) and at the website.
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